Some may think that preschoolers are too young to understand the story of Christmas. See what these preschool children believe! It is precious, and enlightening as well.

We live in a technological society. A generation ago might have seen a computer in the home, but today’s families may have multiple desktops, laptops, and handheld devices, along with cellphones, iphones, ipads, and ebook readers. Today’s preschool child can even get his picture books on a Nook Color. When is progress no longer a step forward? Could there be a time when we advance too far, that it hampers our natural development?

How Children Learn

All of the great philosophers, educators, psychiatrists and caregivers of young children agree that children learn best by doing. They explore the world through their five senses. They touch, taste, see, smell, and hear everything, to gain understanding. When a child has touched, tasted, smelled, heard, and seen something long enough, then he is no longer interested in it. We adults see that as a “short attention span”. Instead, we should praise the child for having discovered so much so quickly!

How then, do computers fit in the Early Childhood program? A child can touch a computer, certainly. He can see it, although most of the type on the screen is far too small, causing eye strain and potential damage to his young eyes. Some programs have sounds, although few children are listening to symphonies, but rather a series of silly bleeps and bops of whatever simplistic game a developer created who may not have any idea what really appeals to children. Computers don’t taste very good, and if your computer smells, then it might be time to replace it.

Game Developers May Not Be Qualified

Preschool teachers have gone to college. They have a degree, and they have learned something about the young child. They are qualified to prepare lesson plans for your preschooler, that will be educational and beneficial. There is no such regulation for computer software developers. They do not have the qualifications to teach your child. Depending on a computer game to teach your child would be tantamount to hiring a high-school dropout to babysit. The drop-out might do an excellent job, but it is unlikely.

That said, more and more young children are using computers! Public libraries and preschools have computers available for little children. Parents and grandparents are buying laptops and computerized toys. Even gaming systems have latched onto this growing market, creating video games for the younger set. So the question no longer is “Should Young Children Use Computers,” but rather… preschoolers are already using computers, therefore, “What computer and video games are right for them?”

New Games Page Added

I have added a new page to this blog, “Games”. In it, I will list computer games as I find them, play them, and rate them. The top table will list games that are acceptable, and rated on a scale of one to five stars, with three stars being the average. (I have yet to find a five-star game.) The second table lists the game sites that I would not let my granddaughter play, and why. I will continue to add to this page as time permits. If you have a favorite game, please share it in the comments section, and I will review that, as well.

As a final note – keep computer usage to a minimum. Certainly, no more than fifteen minutes a day. Then have your child go outside to play, to relax his eyes, and work his muscles. You will have a healthier child for it.

Related Reading:
Kids and Computers
Backyard Sandbox

Photo Credits:
Top: photo by Oleg1975
Middle: photo by Debora Austin
Bottom: photo by Randen Pederson

Spring! Spring! Spring! Lesson Plans

How can you tell that it is Spring? The snow melts, the ground thaws, and birds return. Small buds appear on trees and plants, which soon burst forth into green leaves and pretty flowers. All this happens before the official “first day of spring” in March.

There is so much to cover for this theme, that it will be divided into two weeks. This first week will look at melting snow, clouds, warm winds, mud, baby animals, and flowers. The following week will focus more on gardening and birds.

Your child can learn:

• Spring is the season that follows Winter
• Snow melts, and turns to water
• Days are longer (Sunrise is earlier and sunset later)
• The ground thaws (if it freezes where you live)
• Rain falls from the sky instead of snow
• Birds return from their winter homes in the south
• Hibernating animals awaken
• Many baby animals are born in the spring

You will be gathering pussy willow branches this week. Cut the ends, and put them in a vase filled with water. Children will love to watch them green up and produce the fluffy silver gray catkins. Directions for making a pussy willow arrangement are found here. You can buy pussy willow branches, or plant them in your garden so you’ll have them for years to come.

Worksheets:
If your child is ready for pencil and paper activities, here are several worksheets focusing on the letter B, number 5, the color yellow, and the triangle shape. Except for the first one, they are all included in the Spring! lesson plan. If your child is not ready for these activities, just skip them. Worksheets have limited value.
Letter B worksheet #1
Umbrella Tracing Page (simpler activity, to substitute for bitsy book, if necessary)
Yellow Triangles
My Itsy Bitsy Triangles Book
6 crabs
pre-printing practice: horizontal lines

Music:
You might find one or all of these recordings at your library. Otherwise, you can purchase them here. You might upload them to your computer, in case the CD gets damaged, or simply purchase the recordings as a download, then burn it to a CD for your child.
Saint-Saens: A Carnival of the Animals
Thunderstorm: a Surround Sound Experience
100 Singalong Songs for Kids
Elmo’s World-Springtime Fun(DVD)

Spring Puzzles
Puzzles are a great toy. They help your child develop small muscle dexterity, and pre-math concepts such as spacial awareness, parts of a whole, sequencing, matching, problem solving, and more. Young children progress from three or four piece chunky puzzles, to 10-25 piece jigsaw puzzles. Here are several spring-themed puzzles to add to your collection.
On the Farm jigsaw puzzle
Four Seasons peg puzzle
Melissa & Doug Bugs 24 piece floor puzzle

Spring Picture Books
Look in your library first, then you may wish to purchase the ones you can’t find there. These are all “five star” books, rated by the parents who own and love them.
Spring is Here!by Lois Lenski
Everything Spring by Jill Esbaum
How Robin Saved Spring by Debbie Ouellet
Robins: Songbirds of Spring by Mia Posada
It’s Spring by Linda Glaser
Splish, Splash, Spring by Jan Carr
Flower Fairies of the Spring by Cicely Mary Barker
Spring: An Alphabet Acrostic by Steven Schnur
Spring is Here, Corduroy! by Don Freeman

Lesson Plans for Spring, Spring, Spring! Week

Related Links:
Working with the Lesson Plans
Play Areas for Encouraging Creativity
Calendar Activities
Umbrella Tracing page

Photo Credits:
Top: photo by Marie in NC
Middle: photo by Shoe the Linux Librarian
Bottom: photo by Abigail Batchelder

Guest post by Emily Patterson and Kathleen Thomas

Early Childhood Learning- The Best Time for Bilingual Education

The future is a mystery, no one can say what it will hold – but if current trends continue, your child will grow up to enter a workforce in which the competition for decent-paying jobs will be nothing short of cut-throat. Despite the calls for greater co-operation and “interdependence,” human nature being what it is, it’s a good bet that the economy of the the future will operate according to the Law of the Jungle. It goes without saying that a good education is one of the best ways to prepare that child for survival in that economic jungle of the future.

The Bilingual Future

One of the future trends that has become certain is the existence of a diverse, global society and this rings true especially in the United States. Almost from the beginning, the U.S. has been a land of immigrants, and while the “melting pot” has been an interesting theory, it has not happened in practice. On the contrary, most major U.S. population centers have become more of an ethnic and linguistic checkerboard; Spanish, Russian, Vietnamese and Chinese speakers represent some of the fastest-growing segments of the immigrant U.S. population.

As China continues to rise, English may very well lose its preeminence as the international language of business; at best, it will have to share that top status with Mandarin in decades to come.

Getting Ready

Traditional wisdom has been to start teaching a second language in middle school, or even high school. Yet numerous research studies clearly demonstrate that the optimal period in a child’s life for multilingual education is during the preschool years – at exactly the same time they are learning their first language. Yes, it is possible to learn a second and third language later in life, but it is more difficult, because that neurological “window of opportunity” – when the brain is most malleable – has passed.

According to Dr. Fred Genessee, Professor of Psychology at McGill University in Montreal, it’s as easy for young children to learn two or three languages as it is for them to learn one. He’s not alone; educators throughout the world (in countries that often have two or even three official languages) have understood this for decades.

The way a child learns a second language is by actually speaking it in a total immersion environment. You may recall an episode of the animated series The Simpsons in which young Bart gets trapped on a farm in France – and by the end of the episode, finds he’s actually speaking the language. While this was a fictional scenario, the phenomenon is real; anyone who has taken young children abroad to stay with relatives in a foreign country for any length of time has observed this happening.

Enrollment in a preschool or day care program that offers immersion in other languages is the best way to get your child started. This investment will make him/her much more competitive in the job market later on.

Emily and Kathleen are Communications Coordinators for the Atlanta day care facility, a member of the AdvancED® accredited family of Primrose Schools (located in 16 states throughout the U.S.) and part of the network of day care preschools delivering progressive, early childhood, Balanced Learning® curriculum.

Photo Credits:
Chinese Islamic Boy: Photo by Mykaul
Rafi: photo by Ben Francis
Beautiful Girl: photo by Dizzle Productions

There is so much emphasis on teaching young children letter and number recognition, that many preschools simply do not have the time to properly incorporate music into their program. Music education should be more than singing a few children’s songs, or chanting some fingerplays. Little children are capable of so much more! Just attend any concert put on by Suzuki music programs, and watch the three- and four-year-olds play their violins. It is breath-taking.

I had two close friends whose daughters were about the same age as my oldest child, and all the girls were taking music lessons – theirs on the piano, and mine on the violin. The two moms exhibited the extremes of parental opinion in regards to their child’s music. The one mom clasped both hands to her breast, and with a dreamy expression on her face proclaimed, “It just brings me such joy to hear my child practice! To think than any child of mine would have so much talent is a true blessing!” The other mom snorted, remarking, “Thank God for electric pianos! She can plug in the ear phones and I don’t have to hear it.” I was somewhere in between. I loved hearing my daughter practice, but after listening to ten-thousand twinkles, I was mighty glad when she progressed to the next level.

The benefits of Music for the Young Child

Music develops listening skills! Music helps children express their emotions. Music and dance can give children a healthy way to expend some energy. Creating music fulfills a basic need that many of us have long ignored. And finally, music develops neural pathways in the brain, that lay the foundation for reading and math.

Introduce your preschooler to wide variety of music. Let him listen to classical music, folk music, baroque, romantic, jazz, blues, and more. Have him sing, clap, dance, and move to music. Help him discover sounds. One day he might bang on the back of a pot with a wooden spoon. The next day try beating on an empty oatmeal carton with a rubber spatula. One day you might actually get him a drum. How does it sound when he hits it with his hand, as opposed to the drumsticks?

Here below is Jonathan, a preschool conductor. He is listening to Beethoven’s Fourth Symphony, and he doesn’t miss a beat. He knows this piece! He knows what’s going to happen next, he anticipates it, giggling gleefully. In the comments after the video on YouTube, professional musicians said they would have no difficulty following him, and they wished their own conductors were as enthusiastic. The video is precious, but what struck me more than how talented this little guy is, is how joyful he is! I want that joy for my grandchild! I hope all of you can give your young children joy like this.

If you can find a class near you, you might want to look into Music Together. I’ve just discovered it while doing an internet search. I don’t have first-hand information on this program, but I watched their promotional video, and it surely looks good. I contacted a local class in my community, and depending on the cost, may give it a try.

The most important tip of all – have fun! Music should be loved, enjoyed, experienced. It should never be forced.

Photo Credits:

Little Drummer: by Bev Sykes

These are what I consider the best in Children’s Literature. These are the stories I read to my children, and now to my grandchildren. Some are stories I heard as a child. Fully ninety percent of the books I see in the libraries and in book stores for kids today are what I’d consider truly garbage. Yuck! Ugly pictures, stupid stories – we do not need to talk “down” to children! If you can’t find these books in your library, then I strongly suggest you add them to your Christmas and Birthday shopping lists. These are the stories that your child will want to hear again and again. The best way to raise a reader- read to them often. Read to them great books. Provide great books at home. Libraries are great, but children will want to own their own copies of their favorites so they can return to them again and again.

Mike Mulligan and his Steam Shovel by Virginal Lee Burton. Actually, I will list anything by this author. She wrote a number of children’s books – some of them Caldecott Award winners – for her own two boys. This story is a classic, timeless tale of a man, his trusty steam-shovel, and the work they do. As progress makes steam shovels obsolete, Mike and Mary Ann work together to find a solution. Written in 1939, this book has it all, “heroes and happy endings, lively illustrations, and a dash of nostalgia for extra charm.” (quoted from the publisher’s website). The publisher is currently offering extended activities for this story. You can click here for the website to download the activity sheets. I looked through the activities, and would recommend them for older preschool children, kindergarten, and even first grade. Her other books include Katy and the Big Snow and The Little House. Of course, if you’re going to buy Mike Mulligan for your little one, you might want to get a steam shovel from Tonka to go with it! Pairing a toy with a book is a great way to grow a book-lover.

Corduroy by Don Freeman. This charming story is about a Teddy Bear who wants to go home with a little girl. During the night he explores the store, looking for his lost button. He has a great imagination, is a warm and friendly character and one that small children can certainly relate to. In the morning when the girl returns to the store to buy him, he realizes that she must be a friend. He always wanted a friend! There is a sequel to this story, A Pocket for Corduroy, which is just as cute. (You can get the book Corduroy with a matching Teddy Bear.

Sand Cake by Frank Asch. Papa Bear amuses Baby Bear during an afternoon at the beach. Warm, family relationships, cute story, charming pictures. This author is very prolific! Most of his work is excellent. I especially recommend Popcorn, Milk and Cookies, and Bread and Honey.

But No Elephants by Jerry Smath. This is a silly story, but adorable. The kids love it. Just the right mix of humor, lively illustrations, and caring, compationate characters. Check out other books by this author, as well. He wrote and illustrated 40 books, and illustrated a hundred more.

The Mitten by Alvin Tresselt, illustrated by Yaroslova. I mention the illustrator, as well, because this story is a classic Ukranian folk tale, and there are other versions available. This is the best of them all. A little boy is out fetching wood for his family, but loses a mitten. A woodland mouse finds it, and makes a home in it. The mitten stretches and stretches as more animals climb in beside the mouse to escape the cold. Jan Brett, a fantastic illustrator, also did a version of this book, but the story isn’t quite as charming. Alvin Tresselt has done many other books, as well, including White Snow, Bright Snow, and Wake Up, Farm!

Annie and the Wild Animals by Jan Brett. She is absolutely the best illustrator! Her pictures are detailed and colorful. Her intricate boarders add little clues about “what happens next” before you turn the page. I’d buy her books just to look at the pictures. However, as far as stories go, they are somewhat lacking. This one, though, is the exception. I loved Annie and the Wild Animals, and so did my children. My copy is in the mail – can’t wait to see my grandchild’s face on Christmas Day! We do own Brett’s The Three Snow Bears. It’s okay as far as story goes. We love it, because we also run sled dogs. Here is a Jan Brett treasury of board books, for younger children.

Strega Nona by Tomie dePaola. “Strega Nona” means Grandma Witch, the title the people in the village have given an old woman. She is not a scary sort of witch, though. She can cure headaches, help girls find husbands, and get rid of warts. Big Anthony comes to work for her, and gets into mischief. It is a delightful story, the illustrations are perfect. This is a Caldecott Honor book, and well-deserving! One reviewer even suggested that children who grew up loving this tale became Harry Potter fans. Interesting concept. Another reviewer compared this tale to Disney’s Sorcerer’s Apprentice, and said that this one was less frightening. I just know that I loved reading it to my children. You really have to like the books you buy for them, as you will have to read them at least a hundred times each. You can safely buy ANY book by Tomie dePaola, and know you are getting a classic. I especially recommend Tomie dePaola’s Book of Bible Stories, The Clown of God, The Miracles of Jesus and Mother Goose.

The Snowy Day by Ezra Jack Keats. I didn’t care for this story as much as my kids did. I thought the story was a little bare, as were the pictures. A little boy goes outside to play in the snow. He puts a snowball in his pocket to keep it safe, and when he goes inside, it melts. On the other hand, this book would probably appeal to a much younger crowd – ones, twos, and young threes. If your child does enjoy this book, you make want to check out Keats’ other stories, especially Peter’s Chair, Whistle for Willie, and A Pet Show.

Caps for Sale, by Esphyr Slobodkina.I loved this story! Another classic tale retold, a man’s caps are stolen by some monkeys. He tries everything to get his caps back, but not until he gets so angry that he takes off his own hat and throws it on the ground, do the monkeys comply. A cute, monkey-see, monkey-do theme. This story is fun to read, if you make a fist and imitate the poor salesman. It can generate a discussion about emotions, as well – anger, frustration, etc. This is really a story worth owning. It’s been around for more than fifty years!

The Story About Ping, by Marjorie Flack. This one is a must-have. Ping is a young duck with a huge family on the yellow waters of the Yangtzie River. Ping gets separated from his family, has some adventures, and eventually finds his way back home safely. Colorful and charming, this classic tale is a must-have.

Tkiki Tikki Tembo, by Arlene Mosel. This is a great retelling of a classic Chinese folktale about why the Chinese give their children short names. The older brother in the story had a great, long name. Children love the rhythm of this story, and will repeat the long name with you over and over. “Tiki Tiki tembo, No Sa Rembo, Chari-bari Ruchi, Pip Peri Pembo”. Poor little Chang is quite out of breath as he runs for help, to inform his mother that his brother is at the bottom of the well. This book is a perfect read-aloud. Don’t get this story confused with “Riki Tiki Tavi” – a story for older children by Rudyard Kipling.

Make Way for Ducklings, by Robert McCloskey. There’s an excellent review of this book at Amazon.com, by a Professor Donald Mitchell. I’d almost forgotten this story, but it was one I read to my children often. It talks about parental love and concern for keeping their children safe. It was based on a true story, I believe. One day in Boston a family of ducks were trying to cross a busy street to get to the pond in the park, and the police got out to hold up traffic for them. Get yourself a copy, and share it with your children. There are even used copies available, which surprised me. Most kids wear this book out. The gold circle on the cover is a “Caldecott Award” – awarded annually for the “most distinguished American picture book for children.” Robert McCloskey has several other titles that are charming. I especially like “Blueberries for Sal” because I remember picking blueberries as a child.

The Little Engine that Could, by Watty Piper. I don’t know if this story even needs a review – who can’t remember it? The little engine had a big load to carry to all the good boys and girls, but he had to go over a tall mountain. He only made it by sheer determination, chanting “I think I can, I think I can, ” as he slowly made his way. A good lesson story, with bright, colorful pictures. I did think the “good little girls and boys” phrase got a little sappy halfway through the book, but you have the right to skip words and phrases when you read – your child isn’t going to know! Until, that is, it’s a favorite of his. Then he’ll know it better than you and he’ll remind you when you miss something.

The Story of Ferdinand, by Munro Leaf. I don’t remember actually liking the pictures in this book when I was little, but my kids liked the story anyway. The pictures are lovely line drawings, but at least the copy I had was tacky, two-color acetate overlays. Maybe they’ve republished the book with better color recently? This is a story about a bull who does not want to fight. He likes to stand in the field and smell flowers. Cute story, and a good one to share with children about learning to be true to themselves.

No Roses for Harry, by Gene Zion. I laughed the first time I read this one to my kids, and I still chuckled after the fiftieth time I read it. If any book can make you smile that much, it must surely be a keeper. Grandma knitted a sweater for Harry (the dog), but he didn’t like it. It has roses on it. He tried to lose his sweater, but someone always found it. Then one day at the park, as he was worrying a loose thread, a bird grabbed it (unraveling the whole sweater) to make her nest. I wonder if kids especially relate to this story, because someone – a grandma, or aunt, or neighbor – has probably given them something they didn’t like to wear either? There are several books about Harry, including Harry the Dirty Dog. I’d guess they were all great, but this is the only one I had.

Henry’s Awful Mistake, by Robert Quackenbush. Poor disaster-prone Henry. He’s expecting someone for dinner, when he sees and ant. As he tries to get rid of the ant, he makes a big mess and destroys his house. There is nothing to do but cancel dinner. He has to move into a new house, and the next time he sees an ant, he looks the other way. Kind of cute and imaginative. The illustrations are perfect, and the story moves along. This was very popular with my children. Henry has more adventures, including Henry Goes West.

Pickle Things, by Marc Tolon Brown. Personally, I didn’t really like this story the first ten times I read it. My kids did, though. And as I read it again and again, I grew to like it. Silly rhymes, but children love rhymes. “Pickle up, pickle down, juggled by a pickle clown. Pickle in, pickle out, pickles from the water spout.” Silly and colorful, children quickly memorize the poem and will “read” it right along with you. This illustrator is also the creator of the Arthur books, if your child happens to be an Arthur fan.

Are You My Mother? by P.D. Eastman. I imagine most of my readers already know this story. It is still popular, even though many of the other classic books I read to my children are no longer readily available. A little bird falls from his nest and wanders around looking for his mother. He meets a variety of animals and even a big piece of machinery, before he finally finds his mother. I wondered if very young children might be scared by this story, afraid of losing their mom, but maybe they focus more on the happy ending. I know that my two younger girls simple LOVED this story. I had to read it a whole lot more than I wanted to.
The same daughters and now my granddaughter absolutely adore his “Go, Dogs, Go!” These two books aren’t quite what I’d consider “five stars”, but they sure are popular with children.

Septimus Bean and his Amazing Machine, by Janet Quin-Harkin. Another cute rhyming story. Septimus creates a great machine, but doesn’t know what it does. Everyone helps him try to figure it out. I can’t find my copy, but I will definitely be buying a new one for my granddaughter. The rhyming is precious! And at the end of the story, they find the perfect use for his amazing machine. Amazon.com doesn’t carry this story any more, but there are sellers who will sell it through Amazon.com. I found one hard cover copy for under five dollars.

James Herriot’s Treasure for Children by James Herriot. This is the famous country veterinarian author of “All Creatures Great and Small”. This picture book is a collection of some of the sweetest animal stories you’ll find anywhere, with the most beautiful illustrations! If your child loves animals, this is sure to become his or her favorite book of all.

I love to read books to my children and grandchild, but I hate to waste our time with something stupid. There seems to be a lot of really dumb picture books out there! Makes me wonder what criteria it takes to get published! When I select a book for my lesson plans, or for these book lists, I try to chose only books that I have read before. At the very least, I read all of the parent reviews posted at Amazon.com. Only books that have achieved a five-star rating from parents will get added to the list. If you are going to buy a book for your child, you are going to have to read it several hundred times or more. It had better be something worth reading!

A List of Great Picture Books about Autumn for Young Children

I Know Is Autumn	I Know It’s Autumn, by Eileen Spinelli The average customer review for this book is “Five Stars”. Check out their reviews on this book here. Buying the books you would plan to buy anyway through my blog helps to keep this site free. Thanks!
Mouses First Fall	Mouse’s First Fall by Lauren Thompson A very simple book, with one line of text per page. The illustrations are childlike and colorful. Little mouse learns about Autumn as he plays in the leaves. Sure to be a favorite for many preschoolers.
In November, by Cynthia Rylant This is a great story for naptime. The text doesn’t rhyme, but it’s rather poetic. The world is getting ready for winter, for taking a long nap before spring. We got this from the library, and read it many times. I’ll be adding this to our personal library very soon.	In November
Wild Child by Lynn Plourde The first time I read this, I didn’t really like it. It was strange. I’m more used to stories that have plots. A beginning, a middle and an end, with some action thrown in. This story doesn’t have that. It tries to rhyme, but the rhyming isn’t regular. It tries to be poetic. I didn’t like it that the child is stalling going to bed, and the parent gives in to the child’s demands. However, my daughter and granddaughter loved this book, and so did a lot of other parents. So, you can read the reviews and decide for yourself.	Wild Child
Red are the Apples	Red are the Apples by Marc Harshman If you’re looking for a book with beautiful pictures, this is it. A fall harvest of color drawn in pastel, depicts a boy and his pet as they find a full day of fun on the farm. Red apples, yellow corn, orange pumpkins… and like “Where’s Waldo”, there’s a hen hiding on every page.
Fall is for Friends	Fall is for Friends (Suzy’s Zoo) from Cartwheel This sounded like it was going to be a silly story, but the parents who reviewed it gave it five stars. Suzy Ducken is a character that was originally developed for a line of Greeting Cards! Even the School Library Journal calls it a “slight story” with “charming watercolor illustrations”. Again, however, several parents have given it a five-star rating. I’ll be looking for this one in the library. I’ll let you know if I still think it’s silly.
Apples, Apples Everywhere! by Robin Koontz Cartoonish pictures with talk bubbles. Simple text. This is a non-fiction book, and that’s why I’ve included it here. It is colorful, and teaches all about the apple harvest, how to store apples, make cider, and about apple worms. An index at the end, and an internet site are part of the book. No parent reviews on this story.	Apples, Apples Everywhere
Too Many Pumpkins by Linda White Beautiful illustrations, an engaging story, and a good moral, as well. Other parents have said that this is one book they enjoy reading again and again – the true test of a good book! A story about optimism, and being a good neighbor.	Too Many Pumpkins
It’s Fall (Celebrate the Seasons) by Linda Glasser A little boy tells what he smells, sees, touches, and hears in the fall. Three-dimensional, cut paper artwork. Very colorful and informative.	Its Fall!
Chipmunk at Hollow Tree Lane	Chipmunk at Hollow Tree Lane by Victoria Sherrow This book truly is a classic. I read it to my little sister, then to my children, and now to my grandchild. The illustrations are exquisite! Detailed, full-color realisitic drawings and a simple, charming narrative. Try to find it in it’s original size, instead of the miniature size carried at amazon.com.

If you have an Autumn classic you’d like to see on this list, please add it in the comments section below.
Thanks!

How do you learn? Many adults learn through reading. Some prefer to learn by listening to audio tapes, or watching video tapes. Some learn by doing, by taking classes from a master and imitating him. All are great methods of learning! And to some extent, your young child will lean towards one or the other eventually. But from infancy through the preschool years, young children learn most through their five senses.

How Children Learn

Have you ever seen someone give a rattle to a baby? What does he do with it? First, he sees it, using his sense of sight. Then he reaches for it, takes it in his hands, using his sense of touch. He shakes it, using his sense of hearing. He mouths it, using his sense of taste. And finally, he sniffs it, using his sense of smell (although few rattles have a scent). Then he throws it away. He’s done. He’s learned all that he can learn from it. And usually, the adult picks it back up and gives it to the baby again, who throws it again. That is a fun game! He will probably never play with that rattle again, other than to throw it. This is sensory play.

To some extent, one could argue that all play is sensory play. When children play with blocks, they are touching them, and they hear them if they knock over the block tower. When children paint, they may comment on how the paint smells, or how it looks when they swirl the colors together. But to narrow sensory play down a bit, sensory play is play that engages the child to explore one or more of his senses, that is not grouped into another category of play.

Earlier, I posted an article on the Seven Areas of Creative Play:

1. Dramatic Play
2. Block Play
3. Outdoor Play (also called Large Muscle play)
4. Art
5. Music
6. Books
7. Table Toys (also called Small Muscle Play, or manipulatives)

Now, I’d like to add the eighth category – Sensory Play.

Sensory play is often referred to as “messy play”.

Children can usually make a mess no matter what they are playing! But some sensory activities are inherently messy. Still, this area is critical to your child’s growth and development. You will need a bin, table, or area designated for sensory play. Day care centers usually have a sand play table, or a sand & water play table, which can double as the sensory table. At home, parents may wish to buy an inexpensive child’s splash pool – the smallest one available, 3 feet in diameter is fine. Put it on the living room carpet on top of an old shower curtain, to facilitate with clean-up. In warm weather, you can move the splash pool/sensory table out to the yard or patio.

Here is a partial list of activities for the splash pool/sensory play table. Once you get started, your own imagination will help you come up with dozens more. I hope you’ll share them with us here in the comments section beneath this post. Remember, for your child to get the most benefit from this play, you need to play with him. You need to speak with him, engage him in conversation. Ask him thoughtful questions. “How does this FEEL? How does this SMELL? Can you tell me how it SOUNDS? This is safe to taste, you may taste this. How does it TASTE? What does it look like?”

1. Sand. You can have a little sandbox inside. Sand is such a wonderful toy – it is ancient and universal. It feels cool in the morning shade, and warm in the afternoon sun. It packs better when it is damp. It washes away (erodes) in the rain. It doesn’t usually have a smell, but sometimes sand at the beach smells fishy. It feels rough. It’s fun to roll in! (outside!). When you have a little sandbox inside, the child plays differently than in the backyard sandbox. Outside he can sit in it, and push big trucks, and dig big holes. Inside, it is more fun to pour sand from a pitcher, or push little matchbox-sized construction trucks through it.
2. Water. If you run a preschool or daycare, you will want to have water play available. If you are teaching your little one at home, then he will get enough water play in the bathtub. For more information on the importance of water play, click here.

Girl Playing in Rice
3. Rice. Rice can be an interesting change from sand. It won’t make a sand castle, but it does pour nicely through a toy pitcher. It will make the wheels spin on a water wheel toy. It is fun to smoosh your hands in, scoop it, dump it, rearrange it… and it vacuums up better than sand. Pour about 30 pounds of clean, dry white rice into your splash pool. Add some measuring cups and spoons, toy dishes, small cars, etc. Your child will enjoy this for an entire week, I’m sure! By then you’ll be sick of vacuuming up the rice. Put it away, but save it to bring it back out on a rainy day when you really need to keep your child amused. You can add more to this by coloring the rice. Read how to do that here.
4. Fall leaves. In the fall, bring in a bag full of autumn leaves. Add whatever is available in your area. Add small sticks, acorns, nuts, pinecones, small branches of pine boughs, etc. Your child may just touch things, smell them, lick them (ick!), etc. Or he may want to bring his toy cars to the table, and build forts for toy plastic animals. Let him explore the textures of these natural items. When you are about to empty this sensory activity, press the leaves for a future art project.
5. Winter snow. Bring in a bucket full of snow. Let your child touch it and taste it. Smell it. Look at it closely. Use a magnifying glass. Put some in a glass and watch it melt. Dump small plastic penguins or whales in the snow, and let child play. Give him a pair of mittens and let him build a small snow fort for toy people. Talk about cold, hot, soft, hard, and other descriptive words.
6. Spring Flowers. Bring in a bucket of potting soil. Let child play in that. Add a bit of water, let him play in the mud. Let him play with small garden tools, or with his construction trucks again. When the mud play is over, then plant some bean seeds in the sensory table. Soak the beans overnight in water before you plant them – to speed up germination. Beans grow fast, and are easy to see. You and your child can pull up a bean plant every couple of days to examine the changes (plant plenty of seeds!). At first, the bean shell swells and splits. Then you can see a tiny bean plant folded up inside the seed! Then you’ll see the root shoot out, and then a stem with leaves. It never gets old. If you’re tired of the muddy splash pool, you can move the surviving bean seeds to paper cups or pots. Wash out the splash pool in the yard with a hose, for the next activity.
7. Bubbles. Best done outside! Mix warm water, dish detergent, and a bit of glycerin into your splash pool. Put your child in a swim suit, and set him outside with various bubble-blowing wands or toys. Supervise! Children can drown in an inch of water. Bubbles are great for sensory play. If you use scented dish soap, your bubble stuff will smell nice. Bubbles can have all the colors of the rainbow in them. They feel slippery. They taste soapy. Can you catch one without popping it?
8. Ooblech. This is very, very messy! But great fun for kids of all ages. You might want to mix this in a smaller area than the splash pool/sensory table. You could sit your child at a picnic table OUTSIDE, and give him a cookie sheet or cake pan half-full of oobleck. For more fun, read Dr. Seuss’s classic tale of Bartholomew and the Oobleck first. Oobleck is made with cornstarch and water. For more specific directions, click here.
9. Ice. While you really have to wait for winter to do the snow activity, thanks to freezers, you can do ice any time. It might be more fun to do it on the hot days in summer. Dump clumps of ice in the sensory table. Let child touch them, lick them, sniff them, and explore them. Then, child could drop droplets of colored water on the ice to create patterns or mix colors. Child could also shake salt on the ice to see what happens. (The ice starts to melt). You can extend this activity by placing tiny plastic toys in an ice cube tray, filling it with water and freezing them. The child can play explorer, or paleontologist, by extracting the toys from the ice with a toy mallet.
10. Packing Peanuts. Also, very messy! But right after Christmas you may have an excess of these terribly non-earth friendly styrofoam pieces laying around. Dump them all in the splash pool/sensory table, and let your child’s imagination run wild. He can pretend it is snow. Dress up in mittens and a hat and scarf, and sit in the “snow” to look at picture books, like Alvin Tresselt’s classic, “The Mitten”.
11. Put left-over wrapping paper in the sensory table. Children can rip it, cut it, make collages out of it. They can pretend to wrap up their toys in it. They will have almost as much fun with the left-over wrappings as they have with their Christmas toys.
12. Coffee grounds. Save your coffee grounds for several weeks. Set them out daily to dry, then put them in a bag to save them. When you have enough, put them in the sensory table. Coffee grounds have a different texture and a pleasant smell. Children will play in it like sand.
13. Seashells. You’re lucky if you live by the sea and can get a good supply of these for free. Otherwise, craft stores now stock them. Try to get a variety of shapes, sizes, and colors. You can scatter just seashells, or put sand in the bottom of the table and scatter the shells on top of the sand.
14. Oatmeal. Plain, raw, uncooked, oatmeal. Can be poured, scooped, measured, or moved around with toy trucks. Shakes off clothing well, and vacuums up almost as well as rice. One mom I met kept a huge oatmeal “sandbox” in her spare bedroom for her two young sons.

Legos Stimulate Creativity, While Helping to Develop Small Motor Control
15. Legos. You need to be the judge if your child is ready for small LEGOS yet. Younger children can use DUPLOS. Sometime between the age of three and four, many children are ready to play with the smaller legos. If you dump an assortment in the sensory table, they can build and build, and not have to pick up! An alternative, is to let your child play with legos on a sheet. Then when it is time to clean up, you lift up the four corners of the sheet, and put everything into a box together. Little legos are so much fun, but very boring to pick up. You could actually make a lego mat, by cutting the sheet into a circle, sewing 1″ rings around the edge, and threading a cord through the rings. Then just pull the drawstring together at clean-up time.
16. Shredded paper. This is very interesting to play in, but also very messy. Little paper shreds stick with static electricity to your hair, clothes, and carpet. You’ll want to vacuum up your child when he’s through! I hid mini candy canes in shredded paper for a Christmas time activity at my preschool.
17. Dried corn. This is great for indoor play, especially for younger toddlers. It sweeps up better than it vacuums. You can get huge sacks of dried corn at feed stores for about $5.00. Some pet supply stores in the cities will also stock dried corn. After your child has scooped it, measured it, poured it, patted it, sniffed it, tasted it (ick), and you no longer want it in your house, then you can take it to a park to feed it to the ducks. Corn is a bit more nutritious for them than chunks of stale white bread.
18. Easter grass. This is a good seasonal activity. Let your child play with the Easter grass. He can bury plastic Easter eggs in it, or small toys. Let him glue it to construction paper at art time. It comes in many colors and textures. Some are very shiny and pretty. Some now are edible.
19. Nuts. Put an assortment of nuts in their shells in the sensory table. (Watch out for signs of a nut allergy in your child! One in one-hundred children are allergic to nuts. Some nut allergies are life-threatening.) Talk about the textures of the different nuts. How do they smell? Some are smooth, some are rough. Some are small, some are quite large. Get a nut cracker, and sit with your child as you crack open some nuts and taste them. Put the cracked nut shells back in the sensory table. Play with them until you are bored with them, or until you’ve eaten them all! Then glue some nut shells on cardboard in a mosaic, and clean up the sensory table for the next activity.
20. Pudding. Mix up a package of instant pudding, and let your child “fingerpaint” with it. You might want to put this in a smaller container, rather than the splash pool, unless you run a day care and plan to mix up several boxes. This is one sensory activity where you can encourage tasting! Have children wash their hands before playing there.
21. Coins. Supervise! A child can swallow a penny, and get copper poisoning. Dump your change jar into a bowl with rubbing alcohol to clean them somewhat. Money can carry many germs. Then, dump the clean, dry coins into the sensory table. Talk about colors, shapes, sizes, textures, etc. Let children sort the coins. Put the silver ones here, the copper ones here…
22. Magnets and paper clips. Dump several large boxes of plain paper clips into the sensory table. Add some large magnets. Let children explore, discover how magnets will push against each other, or pull together. How many paper clips can each magnet lift? Try adding other metal items to the sensory table. Will the magnets lift pop cans? Toy cars? Pennies?
23. Play dough. You can make quantities of home-made playdough. Add different scents to it – put vanilla in one batch and color it brown. Substitute Banana flavoring for the vanilla in the next batch, and color it yellow. Put peppermint flavoring in a third batch and color it red or green. Put almond flavoring in a batch, and chose a color to color it . You can put grape Kool-aid powder in another batch, skipping the vanilla (use plain kool-aid, not the kind with sugar in it.). Put all the colors of playdough out at once, and all the playdough toys. Let your child smell them, taste them, mush them around and mix them together. Cover the playdough up in air-tight containers when not in use. Add cookie cutters, rolling pins, and other playdough toys as needed.
    
24. Dry instant mashed potatoes. Start with the dry mashed potato flakes. Have your child experience that. Then slowly add some warm water and moosh that around. Add more warm water, and moosh. Can add warm, colored water – green on St. Patrick’s Day, orange for Halloween, etc. Add enough warm water until all the flakes are moistened, and potatoes are thick and warm and mushy. Continue to play, taste, mush, mix, and explore. Can hide clean, small toys in the mush. Can play with ice cream scoops and toy doll dishes. When done, dump the mush in the garbage and hose off the pool outside.

These are just a few of the hundreds of ideas you can use in your sensory play area. Next, you can try combining them. Add glitter to your sand table. Hide coins in the dry corn. Float ice in your water table.

Anything you see that might have an interesting smell, texture, taste, sound, or is visually stimulating, can have potential for the sensory table, if you deem it to be safe for children.

Have fun! Your child will.

Some materials for Sensory Play:

Related Reading:
Sensory Play
Sight lesson plans
Sound lesson plans
Taste lesson plans
Touch lesson plans

Photo Credits:
Baby with Rattle: by Ian Watson
Girl Playing in Rice: by Grandma Musher
Boy with Legos: by Mads Boedker